The Third Level by Jack Finney Lesson Plans Example For Students

The Third Level by Jack Finney Lesson Plans Subject: Charley a thirty one year old having worked late around evening time enters Grand Central Station from Vanderbilt road, with the point of loading up a train home. As the station is enormous comprising of different halls and two levels cooking for various trains, he loses his direction. He winds up in what he believes is the third degree of the station. He understands that something is distinctive there as the individuals are dressed diversely and the territory is lit not with the electric light of the cutting edge times yet with open gas fires. He out of nowhere makes the revelation that he has by one way or another entered the year 1894. he sees the date on the news paper ‘The World’ that has not been distributed for a long time. The paper that he looks at bears the date June 11, 1894. he is loaded up with fervor and he chooses to purchase two tickets for Galesburg, the tranquil town that he has experienced childhood in. Charley finds that he doesn't have the proper cash of that period and is consequently unfit to purchase the ticket. His significant other and his specialist companion, Sam just as his different companions are very frightened when they hear his record and disallow him to look for the third level once more. They treat the episode as an invention of his creative mind and ascribe it to his longing to escape from a mind-blowing worries. Notwithstanding, Charley’s companion, Sam vanishes and Charley finds a letter from him in an old First Day Cover dated July eighteenth 1894. In the letter, Sam reveals to Charley that he has settled in down in Galesburg and urges him not to surrender his quest for the Third level as it is definitely justified even despite the exertion. Sam is presently occupied with a decent feed, feed and grain business, something that he has consistently wished he could do. The writer leaves the perusers considering what the Third Level truly is. Despite the fact that Charley can discover evidence of his experience, is it extremely conceivable to make this progress to and fro in time? Jack Finney an author of sci-fi treats his preferred subject, Time in another measurement. The shadowy, scary world that lies somewhere close to dreams, wants and the truth is the thing that he calls The Third Level. It is where the past, the present and the future meet and here nothing is, as it appears. Mark of the subject educator †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Exercise Plan THE THIRD LEVEL Page B Date of beginning :†¦2ND APRIL 2009†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Number of periods: . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦08†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Real date of beginning: †¦2ND APRIL 2009†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date of consummation: †¦18TH APRIL 2009†¦. Short questionsComprehensive inquiries Attempt the accompanying inquiries in 60-70 words every: 1. What disclosure did Charley make? How? Answer in around 120 words: 1. Do you believe that the third level was a mode of departure for Charley? 2. What did Charley’s companions and specialists state about the third level? How did his better half respond? What was Charley’s response to it? 2. What do you construe from Sam’s letter to Charley? 3. Arriving at the third level was only a fortuitous event. This was not the first occasion when that he had lost his direction. Legitimize. 3. â€Å"The current world is loaded with weakness, dread, war, stress and stress†. What are the manners by which we endeavor to defeated them? 4. How the third level at the Grand Central Station was not the same as other two? 4. Do you see a crossing point of reality in the story? 5. What affirmed to Charley that he was on the third level? For what reason did Charley wish to go to Galesburg? 5. Clear illogicality in some cases ends up being a modern projection. Talk about. 6. What was Charley’s response in the wake of returning from the third level? 6. Philately helps keep the past alive. Talk about different manners by which this is finished. What's your opinion of the human tendancy to continually move between the past, the present and what's to come? 7. What persuades Charley and Louisa about the presence of the third level? 8. What was the psychiatrist’s examination of Charley’s depiction of the third level at the Grand Central Station? Mark of the Principal †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ADDITIONAL IMPORTANT QUESTION WITH ANSWER HINTS: QA. What does Charley, the storyteller, state about the Third Level at Grand Central Station? How does his therapist companion react? Ans. Charley declares that there are three levels at Grand Central Station. His statement depends on his own understanding. He has been on the third level. Among others, he conversed with a specialist companion about it. The specialist said that it was waking dream and wish satisfaction. He was miserable and simply needed to get away. QB. What inquisitive experience did Charley have one day when he went to Grand Central Station to take the tram? Ans. Charley strolled down a stairwell to the subsequent level. He dodged into a n angled entryway heading for the metro and got lost. The passageway turned left and slopped downwards, yet he continued strolling. He heard just the vacant hints of his own strides. The passage turned sharp left. He went down a short stairwell and came out on the third level at Grand Central Station where he had looks at the old world existence of 1894. QC. What do find out about Galesburg, Illinois during 1894? Ans. Galesburg is depicted as the brilliant town with large old encircled houses and colossal gardens. The parts of the amazing old trees met overhead and secured the boulevards. In 1894, summer nighttimes were twice as long. Individuals set out on there yards. The men would be smoking stogies and talking discreetly. The ladies would wave palm leaf fans. There were fireflies all around. It was a tranquil world that had not been attacked by the two World Wars of the twentieth century. Q. 1Do you see a crossing point of existence in the story The Third Level†? A free play among dream and reality in The Third Level causes the story to rise above all obstructions of existence. Therefore Charley strays into 1894at the third level and afterward returns to the twentieth century. Sam transports himself to Galesburg, Illinois in 1894 but then his correspondence with Charley in the twentieth Century achieves a persuading crossing point regarding reality. Q. 2How did the specialist disclose Charleys trip to the non-existent third level? The specialist clarified that Charley couldnt clearly have arrived at the third level as it didnt exist by any means. He was of the view that dread, instability, war, stress and such, made his strain ridden mind work out a departure course for himself. The third level was his very own making creative mind and waking-dream wish satisfaction I. . Charleys experience of the third level was a legitimization he had always wanted and unfulfilled wishes of the inner mind. The flight never occurred as the entire scene was a fabrication of his creative mind. Q. 3Yes, Ive taken the conspicuous stem. For what reason does Charley term meeting he specialist as a conspicuous step’? The second Charley discussed his running over the non-e xistent third level, everyone got frightened and felt that he expected to see a specialist. Considering the present situation, it was plain and clear that he should look for a specialists sentiment to preclude any mental issue. Thus he terms it as a conspicuous advance. Q. 4Why did the therapists examination make Louisa lose her temper and how did the specialist mollify her? Louisa and Charley were driving a glad wedded life. Along these lines, the spouse couldnt endure the specialists perception about Charley being a despondent man. In any case, her indignation died down when he proceeded onward to state that he was alluding to present day keeps an eye on despondency by and large. Q. 5What was Charleys perspective as he returns from the workplace? For what reason did he choose to take the tram from the Grand Central Station? Having worked late at the workplace, Charley was exhausted and exhausted. He wished to come back to his caring spouse, Louisa and to the solace of his home, as quick as could be expected under the circumstances. The transport would have taken more time to cover the separation, so he chose to take the tram. Q. 6How did Charley arrive at the third level? In his rush to take a train back home, Charlie came to Grand Central from Vanderbilt Avenue and took two stairwells to arrive at the second level from where his train was to leave. He got lost while dodging into an angled entryway, which prompted the metro and he ended up into a passage. The passage took him to another stairwell toward the finish of which he ended up on the third level at Grand Central Station. Q. 7What does the third level represent? Third Level represents keeps an eye on longing to dive further into the universe of creative mind as a break from the universe of cruel real factors. It represents his mission for the impressive commonness of a time long since past that was liberated from the advanced razzle-stun, complexity and material solaces however radiated harmony and serenity. Q. 8What does Grand Central Station represent? The Grand Central Station represents the maze that this world is with its unpredictable and tangled pathways. The system of sections is convoluted to such an extent that as opposed to arriving at the goal, one continues going all over every one of the ones life to search for passages and ways out. Q. 9Now I dont know why this ought to have transpired. Charley asked why out of the entire strain ridden world, only he took a trip to the third level. For what reason do you think, it transpired? The degree of affectability and intensity of creative mind change from individual to individual. Trapped in the snare of dullness, dull daily practice and quick life, Charley thinks that its hard to adapt to such an actual existence. So on the wings of creative mind; he takes a trip to the non-existent world. Q. 10What does Charley contrast Grand Central Station with? Why? Charley co

Structure and Development of Victorian (VELS) Curriculum Essay

Structure and Development of Victorian (VELS) Curriculum - Essay Example The Victorian Essential Learning Standards (VELS) plot what is significant for every single Victorian understudy to learn and create during their time at school from Prep to Year 10. They give a lot of regular state-wide measures which schools use to design understudy learning, evaluate understudy progress and report to parents† (What are the Victorian Essential Learning Standards?, 2009) This paper is quickly examinations the structure and Development of Victorian (VELS) Curriculum The VELS has complete six levels ordered into two classes; grade school level and optional school level. Level 1 †Preparatory, Level 2 (Years 1 and 2), Level 3 (Years 3 and 4) and Level 4 (Years 5 and 6) are the grade school levels while Level 5 (Years 7 and 8) and Level 6 (Years 9 and 10) are auxiliary school levels according to the VELS framework. All the levels aside from the preliminary level, accept to be finished in two years according to this educational plan structure. â€Å"The Victorian Framework is intended to help families and youth expert to manage children’s taking in and advancement from birth to 8 years of age.â It connects the five taking in results from the national Early Years Learning Framework (0 †5) withâ the learning and instructing in the primary phases of the Victorian school educational program †the Victorian Essential Learning Standards (VELS) from ages 5 to 8 years. It plots approaches to help children’s changes into and b etween youth instruction and care and school† (Victorian Early Years Learning and Development Framework: Birth to 8 years (VEYLDF 0-8)) The educational program is additionally separated principally into three brad zones dependent on the encouraging subjects like Physical, Personal and Social Learning. The point of such order of educational plan is to accomplish a harmony between the training, work and life. According to this educational plan techniques the point of training is making the understudy equipped for prevails in his further instruction, future life and work. Skillbeck model of

Applying The Insights From Assessment Item 1 (order 365496) To Your

Applying The Insights From Assessment Item 1 (order 365496) To Your Applying The Insights From Assessment Item 1 (order 365496) To Your Own Educational Institution â€" Assignment Example > Assessing a Re-Imagined High School: The Coalition Campus Schools Project in New YorkFew socio-civic institutions carry strong impact on the quality of life for the citizens of a country than the high school. High school is an institution so essential in laying the foundation for citizen participation in a country’s economy and civil society. In a globalizing world, school reforms that make high school graduates competent in high-level skills and prepared to attain high education are gradually taking shape to meet the demands of the society (Cheng, 2003). In the U. S., however, the public schools as an institution are challenged to cope with these changing educational demands. One project â€" the Coalition Campus Schools Project (CCSP) launched in New York City during the early 1990s â€" may well be one of the answers to calls to restructure social structures of high school. Such initiative, which involves the transformation of two large, comprehensive New York high schools with eleven small schools during the early 1990s, was the subject of this paper based on a review of a development program. Following the identification of the issues relative to the leadership, educational quality and improvement measures pursued by the Coalition Campus School Project, there will be recommendations to be made based on theoretical approaches in educational leadership. This paper will then assess the different aspect of the project, first as an innovation in design initiative. Also subject of the evaluation is the outcome of abandonment of the standard class sizes for students in large, comprehensive learning facilities built like “factories. ” The paper ends with a short conclusionBackground: Advocates of the small new model schools in New York believe the project is a direct response to the mounting criticisms hurled against bigger learning environments. Darling-Hammond, Ancess, and Ort (2002) said in their papers that with “factory model” schools, students a nd teachers have little opportunity to build strong relationships, which is essential in encouraging academic success of minority and low-income students. This is coupled with other dilemmas, such as segregated curriculums and unequal program options, and slow response in meeting students’ needs. As part of a broader school restructuring initiative, the CCSP was collaboration between the New York City Board of Education and the Center for Collaborative Education (CCE). For this project, the CCSP replaced two of the city’s high schools â€" Julia Richman High School in Manhattan and James Monroe High School in the Bronx â€" which each served up to 3,000 students. The innovative restructuring model was shaped by plans provided by developers’ visions or definitions of what it means to be an effective high school. As a strategy, smaller high school model is aimed at altering the academic structure of the same to improve students’ academic rigor in the curriculum and achieve high educational achievement. Thus, when school’s capacity to change is enhanced, student’s achievement may be improved (Kyriakides and Campbell, 2004). The CCSP, on one hand, appear faithful to its goals of raising opportunities for students’ to learn in a new learning model without impeding their chances of gaining support to realize their full academic promise. On the other hand, although the transformative scheme was not geared toward increasing college-going levels and preparedness of undeserved pupils per se, it does offer the potential to do so.

Why Is Interprofessional Working Important To Nursing Practice - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2543 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Medicine Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Did you like this example? Inter-professional working is constantly promoted to professionals within the health and social care sector. Various terms such as interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and interagency collaboration working have been used to promote professionals to work together with the patient, carers, relations, services and other professionals (SCIE, 2009). This Paper will explore the importance of inter-professional working in nursing practice, due to nurses supporting and treating a variety of patients. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Why Is Interprofessional Working Important To Nursing Practice" essay for you Create order This paper will discuss the general importance of inter-professionalism as part of good nursing practice, it will use examples of adult stroke patients and children who have cerebral palsy. These two conditions have been chosen because they allow the paper to explore two different age groups and the needs of patients who tend to have complex social and healthcare needs. There is also a wealth of literature available on these conditions which helps highlight the need for nurses to work effectively with other health and social care professionals, service providers and carers. Patients initially tend to see nurses either alone on arrival at accident and emergency departments, or in conjunction with a medical practitioner. Therefore, the duration of time that a nurse spends with a patient tends to be longer than most other health/medical professionals (Godfrey, 2012). Ward nurses who work on hospital wards, provide care and support to admitted patients throughout their whole stay. Thi s length of time spent with the patients allow them to be familiar with the patient, hence allowing them to recognise changes in a patients health and also to identify any new needs. Often, patients need to see more than one health/medical professional in their stay at the hospital, due to their health needs. Despite these professionals possessing specialist skills to support or treat specific health concerns that the patient may have, often the health recommendations that are given to the patient need to be performed routinely even when the patient is not in the presence of this specialist. Therefore, allied health professionals tend to advise, seek the support of, or hand specific recommendations over to nurses. This is often seen between nurses and physiotherapists in mobility recommendations, this is because nurses often have to mobilise a patient out of hours as recommended by the physiotherapist (Godfrey, 2012). This avoids the patient having to wait for a physiotherapist on w eekends, or to become frustrated due to being in one position for long periods of time and it also supports the overall hospital service aim of better patient outcomes. Similarly patients with complex physical issues, minimal mobility or neurological complications, such as stroke patients, need to be regularly moved to avoid pressure ulcers developing. In addition to this, regaining mobility gradually is often part of a patients stroke rehabilitation programme. Clear guidelines and training are given, as recommended by NICE, to nurses to perform safe moving and handling techniques on patients. These guidelines advise 2-3 trained professionals to move a patient who is bed bound, depending on the patients movement ability and weight (Jacob et al, 2007). If this is a stroke patient this needs to be done on recommendation of a physiotherapist (RCP, 2012). Therefore, it is important for nurses to communicate effectively with other health and social care professionals when moving and h andling a patient who may have complex needs, as nurses may need specialist recommendations by the physiotherapist, or the patient may have medical equipment attached to them which needs to be handled carefully or removed temporarily. Safe moving and handling techniques as part of a team effort not only promotes good health and social care practice, it also decreases the risk of injury to a nurse. This is particularly important as moving and handling injuries have been the most common causes of staff absence for a period of 3 days and longer between the years of 2007 and 2013 (Anderson, 2014). A key feature of hospital care is information sharing through ward rounds done by doctors and other health professionals. The aim of this is to provide patient care which can be delivered in a timely manner, but it also allows the multidisciplinary team involved with the patient to plan their future care and treatments. Nurses input via reporting to colleagues their judgement and observatio ns on the patients current health state is not only vital for better care planning in the future, but it is also important because nurses can often voice the preferences that patients have expressed to them, hence promoting the principle of patient centred care (RCP and RCN, 2012). Furthermore, due to the direct care ward nurses give on their shift throughout the day to allocated patients, they often recognise the general deterioration of a patients health and wellbeing before other health professionals and doctors. Therefore, it is extremely important for the safety and well-being of patients for nurses to liaise with doctors regularly to manage the change of symptoms as soon as possible. Even though patient care planning is revisited and documented regularly by health and medical professionals when changes are needed for the patient, formal multidisciplinary meetings allow improved outcomes for the patient, an example of an improved outcome is when Stroke Early Discharge Suppor t Teams can discharge patients earlier, allowing them to more likely be independent sooner in their daily tasks (Clarke, 2013). The multi-disciplinary team who has contributed to this evidence has consisted of specialist medical practitioners, various speciality therapists, dietitian, a care manager, nurses and sometimes a social worker. Nurses, due to possessing past history medical notes and the knowledge of relations who visit the patient, can usually provide the occupational therapist and the allocated social worker with information on key relations of the patient that maybe useful to contact prior to discharge. Also, nurses through conversation can gather information on the patients living situation at home. This is paramount in discharge planning for stroke patients as sometimes they are unable to communicate fully and clearly their living environment at home, as stroke can impact an individuals ability to communicate verbally and physically. Also, if patients have few or no r elations living with them, they may need home care via nursing staff or telecare equipment which can support risks of injury or allow individuals to alert emergency care services via sensory equipment when they have a fall or another stroke which results them to fall. Even though occupational therapists will do assessments of the environment which the patient resides in (EKUHFT, 2015), nurses can often give the therapist insight on any issue the patient has had in their stay at the hospital, an example of this may be that the patient has difficulty lowering themselves to sit on the toilet, the occupational therapist would usually request for a grab/hand rail to be fitted in the patients home to support them to do this action. Patient care planning via inter-professional working is also fundamental to children who have been born with Cerebral Palsy. Nurses with specialist roles such as Health visitors, provide a community based service to cerebral palsy patients and their families . This differs to the role of nurses on the ward as Health visitors review the health of the patient in reference to their living environment and public health needs, hence allowing them to identify the wider health needs of the family too (Alexander, 2014).. Due to cerebral palsy being a non-curable condition the child and the family/carers of the child will regularly receive treatments and support from an extended network of health and social care professionals and also educational specialists and support staff (NHS, 2014). Therefore, health visitors need to be able to create successful inter-professional relations with professionals who are external to the health and social care industry such as educational psychologists, by understanding the role and service that the professional is providing to the patient. It is also vital to understand roles due to the referral systems we have in the United Kingdom, both within hospital and community care. Furthermore, policies can differ bet ween the local authority, the NHS and private healthcare providers and the child and his/her family may have chosen to have a specific care package which the health visitor may not be aware of (Know your rights, 2015; NHS, 2013). Also, Health visitors often need to liaise with professionals who are not employed by the NHS or another private healthcare provider but by a local authority instead. This can mean the caseload is allocated differently, waiting times may differ and methods of referral may differ too. Therefore, to ensure that the patients transition is efficient and positive from immediate hospital care to accessing community based services, nurses need to be aware of the basic structure and logistics of other services. This awareness needs to be raised more specifically in the working environment for younger student nurses or graduate nurses who may not know the difference between certain professional roles, as despite accredited nursing programmes having modules or les sons in multidisciplinary practice covering the importance of knowing the roles of other health and social care professionals, sometimes there is confusion between specialists who support patients or service users with the same condition(s). A classic misunderstanding is a student nurse struggling to understand the difference between a mental health social worker and a mental health nurse, who can both work for community based teams and may be employed by the local authority (The Masked AMHP, 2012). The administration of medication is another role that nurses carry out in health and social care settings. The administration or preparation of medication is usually done by using the skills learnt from their training, instructions from the pharmacist or manufacturer guidelines. However, human error in the administration or preparation or omission of the medication can put the patient at risk of poor health or even death (NICE, 2014). Hospital pharmacists and dispensing staff function in a fast paced environment, hence processing prescriptions for medications that are needed for patients on the ward who vary in conditions. Some medications are needed urgently and human error can occur on the behalf of pharmacist or dispensing staff. Despite pharmacy staff recording clinical errors as part of their good clinical practise, nurses also need to be aware of these errors for the patients safety and awareness also needs to be raised to other nursing colleagues of the issue because the patients health may need to be checked regularly. . Furthermore, as doctors complete prescriptions for the request of medications, nursing staff only follow the patients drug chart in administrating the medication, hence it is vital for the nurse to understand what the doctor is prescribing the medication for (UHS, 2015). This is important to know as the nurse may observe patient changes after the patient has had the medication, which need to be recorded. To avoid error and to justify the ir clinical actions in medical administration of drugs, nurses need to be able to follow the advice and instructions of both the doctor and pharmacist, therefore effective and open communication allows questions to be asked and concerns to be raised, hence creating a strong working relationship. This protects not only the patient but it also improves working relationships between medical and nursing staff. Also, nursing staff and doctors caring and treating patients with cerebral palsy have to work using a comprehensive rehabilitation approach, which includes working alongside physiatrists who manage anti-spasticity medication and review medical complications associated with cerebral palsy. Hence, nursing staff need to have a broad understanding of the specialisms of the medical practitioners that they are liaising with, as often nursing staff liaise with several different specialists. To conclude, inter-professional working is clearly important for all health and social care sta ff, however it is extremely important for nursing staff because their varied role requires them to liaise with different professionals, settings and patients. Also, as nurses can now undertake CPD to specialise in areas such as such as stroke, diabetes, palliative care and disability, their role has changed from providing traditional nursing through practical care to now being able to provide specialist advice to the patient and relations on the management of the condition. (Niece McEwen, 2015). For nurses to be successful in their specialist roles they need to create positive working relationships with other health/medical staff, non-clinical professionals, carers/families and most importantly the patient. Furthermore, due to the demand of nurses in non-clinical settings such as homes and schools, for nurses to practice effectively they need to be able to understand the roles of professionals practicing in community settings as often these professionals can provide the nurse with how the patient functions in their daily life. Due to ward nurses providing care throughout their shift, usually to the same patients, the greater length of time with the patient allows them to have a better insight to the patient and their health whilst in care of that ward. This allows them to feed back to fellow nurses and other health/medical professionals any changes that need to be made to the patients care plans. It seems not only is patient care improved by inter-professional working but also the skills and knowledge of nursing staff is also developed by learning from other professionals, it is likely that in the future, guidelines will further advise nurses to work more inter-professionally with other professionals. Bibliography Alexander, C. (2014) Growing into the role. Nursing Standard. 28 (20). p. 63. Anderson, M.P, Carlisle, S, Thomson, C, Ross, C, Reid, H.J, Hart, N.D, Clarkle, A. (2014) Safe moving and handling of patients: an interprofessional approach. Nursing Standard. 28 (46). p. 37-41. Clarke, D.J. (2013) The role of multidisciplinary team care in stroke rehabilitation. Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry. 17 (4). p. 5-8. East Kent Hospitals University. (2015) The Stroke multidisciplinary team. [Online] Available from: https://www.ekhuft.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/services/elderly-services/stroke-services/stroke-care/the-stroke-multidisciplinary-team Godfrey, K. (2012) Is interhttps://www.ekhuft.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/services/elderly-services/stroke-services/stroke-care/the-stroke-multidisciplinary-teamdisciplinary the new multidisciplinary? [Online] Available from: https://www.nursingtimes.net/opinion/nt-blog/is-interdisciplinary-the-new-multidisciplinary/5052155.blog Jacob, A, Rekha, R, Tarachand, J.S. (2007) Clinical Nursing Procedures: The Art of Nursing Practice. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Limited: New Delhi. Know your rights. (2015) 02. Your right to Health and Social Care. [Online] Available from: https://www.know-your-rights.org.uk/02.html National Health Service. (2013) Who Pays? Determining responsibility for payments to providers. [Online] Available from: https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/who-pays.pdf National Health Service. (2014) Cerebral palsy à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" treatment. [Online] Available from:  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cerebral-palsy/treatment/ National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2014) Safe staffing for nursing in adult inpatient wards in acute hospitals. [Online] Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/sg1/chapter/9-safe-nursing-indicators#safe-nursing-indicator-medication-administration-errors Nies, M.A, McEwen, M. (2015) Community/Public Health nursing : Promoting the Health of Populations. Elsevier Saunders: Missouri. Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of Nursing. (2012) Ward Rounds in medicine: principles for best practice. [Online] Available from: https://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/479329/004342.pdf Royal College of Physicians. (2012) National Clinical guideline for stroke. [Online] Available from: https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/sites/default/files/national-clinical-guidelines-for-stroke-fourth-edition.pdf/ Social Care Institute for Excellence. (2009) Interprofessional and inter-agency collobration. [Online] Available from: https://www.communitycare.co.uk/2009/08/03/interprofessional-and-inter-agency-collaboration/ The Masked, AMHP. (2012) Maintaining identity as a social worker in a multidisciplinary team. [Online] Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/social-care-network/social-life-blog/2012/jul/20/social-work-in-multidisciplinary-teams University Hospital Southampton. (2015) Sect ion 1 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Prescription Writing. [Online] Available from: https://www.uhs.nhs.uk/Media/suhtideal/Doctors/SaferPrescribingWorkbook/Section1-Prescriptionwriting.pdf

Discuss the concept of adolescence as a social construct...

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Erikson believed that when teenagers adequately navigated their way through this crisis, they would transpire into having a clear understanding of their individual identity and easily share this new ‘self’ with others. However, if an individual is unable to navigate their way through this crisis period, they may be uncertain of who they are which can result in a lack of understanding, leading to disconnection from society and the people around them. If youth become stuck at this stage they will be unable to become emotionally mature adults, according to Erikson’s theory. This period of an individual’s life allows them to investigate possibilities which will lead them to discovering their own identity based upon the result of their explorations. A westernised culture that embraces the life stage of adolescence are the Indigenous Aboriginals of Australia. The aboriginals embrace adolescence by engaging in a tradition known as â€Å"Walkabout†, which passes a boy from childhood to adulthood. Although this tradition has been around for centuries, some Aboriginals in today’s society still partake in it but have adjusted some of the regulations. Walkabout refers to the journey an adolescent boy undertakes, alternating from a laid back playful child to a responsible andShow MoreRelatedDevelopmental Psychology14082 Words   |  57 PagesBASIC ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT. 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Operations Management Free Essays

The process type McDonald’s uses is batch process because there are moderate volume and moderate variety in their products and services. McDonald’s products are semi-standardized as they are stocked pre cooked. When a customer makes an order, the product is then prepared. We will write a custom essay sample on Operations Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now This shows high flexibility, for example, a customer orders a special order of McCracken without lettuce, the order will be processed within minutes. There is also high volume of production as McDonald’s serves thousands of customers dally. Inning a batch process means that the speed of delivery Is dependent upon the speed and experience of the Individual worker. This process supports the business of McDonald’s as they will be able to process the different types orders to cater to the different needs of customers, In the shortest time possible. To achieve that, moderate skill level of workers is required. The advantages of batch process are that it allows workers to specialist in specific lobscouse and use the specialist equipment, different batches of different production an be made. On the other hand, there are also disadvantages of batch process. Firstly, specialization means that the workers are doing repetitive jobs, which can result to boredom. Secondly, the machinery needs to be reset and cleaned in between batches. This can be time consuming which in turns slows down the production. Also, when the hamburgers are produced by batches, they would keep them for as long as possible and eventually discard them if they were not sold. This will increase the cost for McDonald’s. How to cite Operations Management, Papers Operations management Free Essays The current operations management strategies being employed by the two companies namely Ford Motors as well as Hard Rock can be characterized as an innovative way of putting quality and profitability in sheer balance. Both companies operate in an international setting and employ a diverse workforce with mixed cultures. Even if these factors hold for both companies, it is a operational wonder how both manage to have sizeable amounts of profit. We will write a custom essay sample on Operations management or any similar topic only for you Order Now For instance, Ford Motors established an automobile park wherein various factories dedicated to specific assembly lines have been established side by side. The factories lie close to the existing 80-year old facility in Southern Chicago. Each facility in this complex puts the assembly line in the various Ford automobiles closer. This strategy copied from low-cost vehicle assembly plants in Latin American countries saves the company up to $15 million annually in lost transportation costs. Before, it takes about a day in order to transport automobile parts from Ford’s component suppliers to the main assembly plant in Southern Chicago. Although initial costs are up to $250-million, the automobile company prioritized the quality of their supplier parts that would now take only 15-minutes in transport from one factory to the other within the park. According to Brown, â€Å"operations have been promising within the park† since it opened in early 2004. On the other hand, operations management innovations in Hard Rock have been similar to that of other companies such as Starbucks. This time though, Hard Rock has been successful in benchmarking itself as a fashionable and trendy bar restaurant serving great food, updated music as well as sold-out events. Hard Rock also became known in recent years by breaking into new territories by opening new Hard Rock Hotels in Bali, Indonesia, Pattaya, Thailand, Las Vegas, Nevada, among others. This has proven that the company amidst stiff competition. In general, Ford and Hard Rock have been perfect examples of how operations management principles can still improve quality even under profit maximizing measures. How to cite Operations management, Essays Operations management Free Essays Introduction Strategic Focus, one amongst the most important step in the design and development of a product, enables companies to discover and explicitly commit themselves to important considerations (Ahoy, 2008). In the current case studies of Ready Materials and Zara, efficient and effective strategic focus assisted in expanding and extending the business into the narrow market or industry segment. More specifically, the super-responsive supply chain developed by Zara permitted the company in designing, producing and delivering new garments for marketing worldwide (Gattorna 1998). We will write a custom essay sample on Operations management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ready Materials, on the other hand, possessed no clear strategic focus and witnessed complexities in meeting the volatile demand pattern. This characteristic absence of strategic focus caused a demand uncertainty, which eventually led to the emergence of buffering mechanisms (forward load, inventory and capacity). Owing to the fluctuating nature of daily demand, most of the purchasers of Ready Materials have aligned their orders with respect to a day per day operation and waited for the dispatch for an average time of 24 hours. Use of capacity buffering system in the form of annualised hours helped in managing Ready Materials at times of demand fluctuations, enabling adjustments to the working day by up to two hours, either way, without any intimation (Gattorna, 2009). Though these buffering mechanisms caused the company to witness low levels of staff morale and retention, in recent years, this has gained immense attention with the work force finishing the task early more often than late. Buffering mechanisms undertake the forms of order backlogs link with a variable extension to lead time. Inventory buffering mechanism, used by Ready Materials, compressed the customer response time by committing capacity in the advance of demand. Reducing the capital or, in other words, operating at the negative working capital helps in aligning with offsetting the investment in additional capacity. Thus, managing buffering mechanisms through resource alerts and effective prioritisation of resource attention assists projects in taking an advantage. It minimises the impact of Parkinson’s Law, and prevents unnecessary distraction alongside facilitating recovery planning when required, yet at a time in advance when the project or company is in trouble. Presence of high demand uncertainty necessitates the need of project and strategic management (Lake, 2010). As indicated earlier, the use of buffering and alignment mechanisms, allow the resources and companies to gain a st rategic focus of resource attention besides enabling the advantage of good morale and early task finish. Much focus can be levied on time schedule management, and this automatically decreases unnecessary distraction, further enabling for the recovery planning to prevail, when needed. However, this is only necessary whenever the company witnesses extreme difficulty (Ahoy, 2008). Managing of uncertainty remained at the core of improvement of project performance for Ready Materials. Making use of highly sophisticated just in time systems could help in adjusting to the alignment and this automatically offers an efficient strategic focus. At such times, the company is required to get the projects completed both ahead of schedule and with efficient reliability of stock delivery dates that were promised. This specific approach to alignment offers mechanisms which allow a â€Å"complete system† view of projects. The mechanism of alignment recognises and safeguards the uncertainty and thereby avoids the Parkinson’s Law at the task level whilst considering Murphy’s Law at the project stage. All of these implications suggest an intimate interrelationship between strategic focus, buffering and alignment. Effective and efficient management of these three segments of operational management helps each of the companies in driving towards success (Vital e, 2002). It is the duty of project managers to shift their attention from assuring the achievement of strategic focus, task estimates and intermediate milestones. All of these are vital from the date it is required to the final promised due date. But, a grasping of the whole implication of this approach is an immense challenge. Running factories for only a single shift, sending half empty loads to other countries, which were followed by Zara, could help in focusing local efficiency at the expense of international responsiveness. Investing in the overall capital assets can eventually enhance the strategic focus and organisational flexibility (Stratton, 2008). Owing production assets can offer the company a level of control over its schedules and the companies no matter what they intend to do. Besides manufacturing of complicated products, it can enhance strategic focus and thereby minimise the incorporation of buffering mechanisms and alignment patterns. References Ahoy, K. (2008). Customer Driven Operations Management: Aligning Businesses, Processes and Systems, London: Hoffmann Publishers, pp. 90-100. Gattorna, J. (1998). Strategic Supply Chain Alignment: Best Practices in Supply Chain. London: SAGE Publishers, pp. 451-460. Gattorna, V. (2009). Dynamic Supply Chain Alignment. London: Heinemann Publishers, pp. 341-390. Lake, H. (2010). Operational Management and Control. London: Routledge Publishers, pp. 34-90. Stratton, R. (2008). Theory Building: Relating Variation, Uncertainty, Buffering Mechanisms and Trade-offs, Proceedings of the 3rd World Conference on Production and Operations Management. Tokyo: Japan. Vitale, B. (2002). Business to Business Marketing. London: Routledge Publishers, pp. 34-89. How to cite Operations management, Essay examples Operations Management Free Essays Operation management is the activity of managing the resources, such as capital, facilities, raw materials, technology, and so on, which create and deliver services and products. ( Slack et al, 2011 ) No organization could survive in long term if it cannot manage operations management effectively. The importance of operations management is that it affects an organization’s costs. We will write a custom essay sample on Operations Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are three activities of operations management, which is directing the overall strategy of the operation, designing the operation’s services, products, and processes, delivering to customer, and developing process performance. IKEA’s History and its Operations Management IKEA was founded in 1943 in Sweden, and it is a successful international retailer with 276 stores in 36 countries. IKEA offers a large variety of well designed furnishing products with low costs, which has contributed to its success. IKEA also contributes a lot to the environment. It cares about the safety of raw materials and production. For example, IKEA stopping selling plastic bags, and it encourage customers to bring their own bags. To support â€Å"less plastic bags† action, IKEA reduced 30 cents each of its own recycle bags. Supply Network Design and Supply Chain Management Most IKEA stores locate outside city centers in order to reduce transportation costs and capital costs. For example, there are two IKEA stores in Singapore, one is in Queenstown, the other one is in Tampines. These two places is not in the city center. Besides, Singapore is a small country that allows IKEA to save more delivery costs comparing with those big countries, such as America. In order to keep the price low, IKEA transports products by truck, rail, and ship. Flat packs and stackable products allows IKEA to handle more of them during delivering. Process Design and Layout Firstly, IKEA’s biggest symbol is its large blue building with yellow shop sign. Secondly, its showroom design is similar to ‘one way’ layout, which makes customers wanna visit the whole store. Thirdly, IKEA provides convenience to customer from free parking, large and clear notice board. IKEA not only offers functional furnishing products, but also restaurant, grocery stores which has majority of Swedish food, and children play area. ( IKEA ‘s Official Website ) Product Design IKEA designs stylish products that can be flat-packed efficiently. ( Slack et al, 2011 ) And it makes products with low costs that are affordable to customers. Customers have to collect the flat-packed goods from the store and assemble those products by themselves. (IKEA also provides delivery service ) In this way, IKEA could reduce labor costs ,storage costs, and shipping costs in order to support its high efficiency. In fact, both customer and IKEA benefit from this concept. IKEA’s has built good relationship with its suppliers. It has suppliers from more than 50 countries and Its purchasing teams are located all over the world and work with them. IKEA insists to work environmental friendly. ( ICMR, 2006 ) IKEA only accept woods from qualified forest which is verified as responsibly managed. According to IKEA’s introduction, it provides collection points for customers to return waste. During manufacturing process, it tries to minimize wastes. IKEA would use the waste to produce other items if possible. In a word, IKEA makes a great effort to use and produce remanufactured and renewable goods. IKEA does a great number of tests of productions every year, and it also has third-party auditors to do the tests also. Since IKEA purchase raw materials in large volume, it enables IKEA to reduce costs. With all these effort, IKEA is able to produce sustainable goods with high quality and low costs. In a way, IKEA does not only save direct costs, but also gain intangible costs, such as good reputation and trustworthiness. Quality Management From operation’s perspective, quality is to meet customers’ expectation. In the customers’ perspective, quality is what they think the product should be. IKEA offers delivery service, assembly service, kitchen installation, sewing service, children service, interest free, gift cards, and return policy. ( IKEA Official Website ) People love IKEA’s products, but dislike the shopping experience because there is always crowded and a long queue in the store. IKEA provides catalogue and brochures to customers, and it creates mobile Apps so that customers could download and read it. Customers can see new products and discount products with price. IKEA creates planning tools for customers, which allow customers plan before they shopping. Customer can do their planning online, and they can also check the stock availability. There is a code with every product, customer can check its availability via its official website. It is not easy to create such visibility to customers. It did help people to understand their need, and avoid crowd. Most important, it saved customers’ time and cost since they do not need to go to the store in person first. Nowadays, people rely on internet more than ever, IKEA should try to make itself and the system more approachable and complete. Effective operations management can bring an organization competitive advantage and profit. IKEA has presented a great example. Only each process can interact effectively, can the organization run smoothly. Reference: 1. Slack, N, Brandon-Jones, A, Johnston, R, (2011): Essentials of Operations Management, Pearson Education Limited. 2. IKEA Official Website. Online ]. Available http://www. ikea. com/sg/en/ 3. 2006. IBS Center for Management Research: IKEA’s Environmental Practices: Making Good Business Sense. [ Online ]. Available http://www. icmrindia. org/casestudies/catalogue/Business%20Ethics/IKEA%20Environmental%20Practices%20-%20Making%20Good%20Business%20Sense%20-%20Business%20Ethics. htm [pic]Confirmation Certificate Congratulatio ns! You have successfully completed the Library Plagiarism Quiz. Student Name: Chen Zixin Student Number: 11300175 Date: 21 Mar 2013 THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT (signature)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ HAS COMPLETED THE PLAGIARISM QUIZ Remember that the confirmation certificate is a statement by you that you understand plagiarism and know how to avoid it. If you think that you do not understand plagiarism and how to avoid it after working through this tutorial, you should confer with your module coordinator, no matter what score you have obtained on the test. Please print out this page and attach a copy of the certificate to the final page in all assignments you submit on each module as part of your programme (It is your responsibility to print the certificate, complete the information, sign it, and keep a copy of it for your records) ———————– 3 3 How to cite Operations Management, Essay examples Operations Management Free Essays 03-498 -89-1 SAADIA ROLLING MILLS In January 1989, Asim Noor, General Manager Saadia Rolling Mills (SRM), Badami Bagh, Lahore, Pakistan, was contemplating several recent developments in the iron billet market. Asim was concerned because in its production of iron reinforcement rods SRM used about 20 tonnes of iron billets every month. Iron billets were being produced in only two locations in Pakistan, Lahore and Karachi. We will write a custom essay sample on Operations Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now For several years SRM had bought iron billets from the supplier in Lahore. Purchases were made on a weekly basis, and the expediting and clerical cost per requisition were Rs1 50 and Rs 33 respectively. Cost of unloading the iron billets into SRM was Rs 8. 30 per tonne 2 of iron billets. The storage space for iron billets at SRM was enough for two months demand with extra leased storage space available at Rs 199. 20/tonne/year. A few months back, Asim had been informed by his purchasing agent that the local supplier had followed his Karachi competitor in announcing a new price structure: 2 US $ 1. 00 = Pak Rs 19. 1. The six metre billets used by SRM weighed about 250 kg each. This case was written by Research Associate, Arif I Rana, under the supervision of Visiting Professor James A Erskine, to serve as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Some information has been disguised for purposes of confidentiality. This material should not be quoted, photocopied or reproduced in any form without the prior written consent of the Lahore University of Management Sciences.  © 1989 Lahore University of Management Sciences 03-498-89-1 Order (in tonnes) First 20 Next 20 All over 40 Unit Price/tonne Rs 8,300 Rs 8,134 Rs 7,885 SRM’s local supplier had just increased its rolling mill capacity and would now supply iron billets only to a select group of customers. SRM now had to deal with the Karachi supplier whose prices were the same as the local supplier, except that they did not include the transportation costs from Karachi. Asim contacted a few transporters in Lahore and found that transportation cost of iron billets from Karachi was Rs 830 per tonne. However, large trucks with 20 tonne capacity were also available at Rs 10,000 per truck. It normally took one week for consignment from Pakistan Steel to reach their destinations in Lahore. Asim wondered what effects these new developments would have on his cost structure. 2 How to cite Operations Management, Essay examples Operations Management Free Essays OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT: as a competitive weapon mks mks@mdi. ac. in http://mks507. We will write a custom essay sample on Operations Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now vistapanel. net Prof. (Dr. ) Manoj K Srivastava Operations Management Area 1. The Systems Approach C O N T E N T S 2. 3. OM Definition Ten Critical Decisions 4. 5. The Cases 4V Typology of Operations 6. 7. Productivity Competitiveness 8. 9. Manufacturing Vs. Service? The History 10. The Future 1 Systems Approach Systems Approach Reduce waste†¦or enhance output†¦ 2 OM Definition What is Operations Management? What is Operations? a function or system that transforms inputs into outputs of greater value Operations management (OM) is the set of activities that creates value in the form of goods and services by transforming inputs into outputs TYPES OF TRANSFORMATIONS †¢ †¢ Physical: Locational: as in manufacturing operations as in transportation operations What is a Transformation Process? a series of activities along a value chain extending from supplier to customer. activities that do not add value are superfluous and should be eliminated †¢ †¢ Exchange: Physiological: as in retail operations as in health care What is Operations Management? esign, operation, and improvement of productive systems †¢ †¢ Psychological: Informational: as in entertainment as in communication Value Engineering / Value Analysis ? Use ? Esteem ? Time ? Place 3 What Operations Managers do? ? Service, product design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ? Quality management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ? Process, capacity design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ? Location †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Ten Critical Decisions ? Layout design †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ? Human resources, job design†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ? Supply-chain management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ? Inventory management †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. ? Scheduling †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ? Maintenance †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 The Cases Britannica Story Invite your enemy onto the roof, then remove the ladder Sun tzu The Art of War 36 Stratagems 1988 1988-93 Britannica (Leader, 230 years experience, 1768), $1000 Microsoft encyclopedia from funk Wagnall’s encyclopedia Searchability, Multimedia, Graphics, Timeline (20 feet), cross-links, updating 1993 1995 Price $300 (cost of CD:$1) (in-fact you can purchase encarta encyclopedia + a PC in Britannica price) Britannica has to jump in a business which was not its strength, Price still $1000 1997 Reduced to $125, later on free online, crashed twice Innovation in Operations McDonald’s Corp Olympic Flame ? ? ? Facing Increased Competition Smarter and More Demanding Customers Less Brand Loyal Switched to hamburger bun that does not require toasting. ? Customers prefer taste of new bun ? Saves time and money, QSVC Model ? ? ? ? 10,000 runners 15,000 miles through 42 states in 84 days Two years of planning Must plan for no-show runners and rush hour traffic ? Cost of this operati on in the neighbourhood of $20 million Innovation in Operations Ginger Hotel BillDesk No-frills, June 2004 No room service, travel desk, swimming pool Wi-fi, Two type of room: Rs. 999 and Rs. 1199, Prabhat Pani, CEO, Roots Corporation BillDesk, a property of IndiaIdeas. com Ltd. , 2000 Three Arthur Anderson Executives Third-party bill collection 25 Banks, 100 companies Just apply today. It only takes a few minutes. Once you’re approved, you get your very own Zipcard. Reserve one of our cars – for a couple hours or the entire Day. Do it online or use a phone. We’re easy. Walk to the car, then just hold your Zipcard to the windshield. The doors will unlock, and it’s all yours! Drive away†¦ and return to the same reserved parking spot at the end of your reservation. It’s that simple. And remember, gas and insurance are included too. 5 Operations typology: 4V Approach Differences within sectors are often greater than the differences between sectors Financial services An account management centre at a large retail bank Financial analyst advising a client at an investment bank Furniture manufacturing Mass production of kitchen units Craft production of reproduction ‘antique’ furniture Hotels Value-for-money hotel Lobby of an international luxury hotel A Typology of Operations: 4 V’s Low Volume High High how many products or services are made by the operation? how many different types of products or services are made by the operation? High Variety Low High Variation in demand Low how much does the level of demand change over time? how much of the operation’s internal working are ‘exposed’ to its customers? High Visibility Low Implications Low repetition Each staff member performs more of job Less systemization High unit costs Flexible Complex Match customer needs High unit costs Changing capacity Anticipation Flexibility In touch with demand High unit costs Short waiting tolerance Satisfaction governed by customer perception Customer contact skills needed Received variety is high High unit costs A Typology of Operations Implications High repeatability Specialization Capital intensive Low unit costs Well defined Routine Standardized Regular Low unit costs Stable Routine Predictable High utilization Low unit costs Time lag between production and consumption Standardization Low contact skills High staff utilization Centralization Low unit costs Low Volume High High High Variety Low High Variation in demand Low High Visibility Low 6 Productivity Effectiveness Efficiency Productivity Types of Productivity Single Factor Productivity Output Labor Output Materials Output is of quality nature Output Capital Multifactor Productivity Output Labor + Materials + Overheads Output Labor + Energy + Capital Total Factor Productivity Goods and Services Produced All inputs used to produce them America West’s Reverse Pyramid system This is in contrast to the approach used by many airlines of just boarding all seats starting from the back of the plane and working forward. 7 Competitiveness Competitiveness The degree to which a nation can produce goods and services that meet the test of international markets while simultaneously maintaining or expanding the real incomes of its citizens. A firm is competitive if it can produce products [†¦ of superior quality or lower costs than its domestic and international competitors. (US-President`s Commission on Industrial Competitiveness 1985, S. 6) Global Competitiveness Ranking 1. Switzerland 2. Sweden 3. Singapore 4. United States 5. Germany 6. Japan 7. Finland 8. Netherlands 9. Denmark India 51 10. Canada China 27 Competition Within Industries Increases When ? Firms ar e relatively equal in size and resources ? Products and services are standardized ? Industry growth is slow or exponential Barriers to Entry ? ? Economies of scale Learning curves Capital investment Access to supply and distribution channels 8 Manufacturing vs. services Degree of Servitization Manufacturing and Service Employment Manufacturing Employment and Production Services as % of GDP Tangibility Spectrum Economic Offerings can determine prior to purchasing can only be discerned after purchase or during consumption or use customer must believe in, but cannot personally evaluate even after purchase consumption Differences Between Goods and Services Intangibility Heterogeneity Simultaneous Perishability Production Consumption 9 History of OM Five Eras of Operations Management Journey of Operations Management Adam Smith uge increases in productivity obtainable from technology or technological progress are possible match human and physical capital, Division of labor Eli Whitney à ¢â‚¬ ¢ †¢ In 1798, received government contract to make 10,000 muskets Showed that machine tools could make standardized parts to exact specifications – Musket parts could be used in any musket Significant events in operations management ? ? ? ? Division of labor Standardized parts Scientific management Coordinated assembly line (Smith (Whitney (Taylor (Ford 1776) 1800) 1881) 1913) ? ? ? Gantt charts Motion study Quality control (Gantt (Gilbreths (Shewhart 1916) 1922) 1924) 10 Where are we going? Exciting New Challenges in Operations Management Changing Challenges Past Local or national focus Batch (large) shipments Causes Low-cost, reliable worldwide communication and transportation networks Cost of capital puts pressure on reducing investment in inventory Global Focus Future Just-in-time shipments Low-bid purchasing Quality emphasis requires that suppliers be engaged in product improvement Shorter life cycles, rapid international communication, computer-aided design, and international collaboration Affluence and worldwide markets; increasingly flexible production processes Changing sociocultural milieu. Increasingly a knowledge and information society. Environmental issues, ISO 14000, increasing disposal costs Supply-chain partners Rapid product development, alliances, collaborative designs Mass customization Empowered employees, teams, and lean production Environmentally sensitive production, Green manufacturing, recycled materials, remanufacturing Lengthy product development Standardized products Job specialization Low cost focus How to cite Operations Management, Papers

Colonial Alcohol Use Essay Example For Students

Colonial Alcohol Use Essay An Old Coon Skinner SaysI know this old coon skinner who sold fur to Eddie Bower when Eddiewas alive. Fortunately one time he took me across the USA to Mr. Bowers homeand I got to meet him! WOW is all I can still say, but back to theold coon skinner, Lonnie a big tall 66 Red Neck strong as a LoadedCole Train and kind as 6 week old Red Bone Puppy. My friend Lonniewhen I mentioned that I was making Vodka aWell the old boys earspricked up like a 100 Pound Doberman smellin fresh meat!..hehheaThepoor old chap cant drive and barley see (he is 91years old), but hemade sure he was ready for me to pick him up at 5:00am when it wastime to run a 15gal batch of sugar wash out of my new valve refluxstill. I was kind nervous cuzz this is only the second time I ranthe new still (LOTS OF HELP FROM THIS SITE). I had the valves closed, Lonnie kept feeling the column. He said henever seen nothing so new fangled in this((IN His God Dam Life)direct quote)) the old coon shiner says that you have to have a feelfor the dam thing Dago! You have to know by touch! You have to knowby smell! And FeelaI was thinking WTFaI was thinking to my self thatthis old boy cut his teeth on moon shine, so all I could do is payattention. As the heads came off he asked for a new mason jar. Itold him that I wanted to save them to ad to the next batchLonnieabruptly replied, I ant had no dam polish from home for 20 years sonand this is goin home with me! (I am 45 years old and going on 15when Lonnie is around, Now thats LOVE!) I will try not to romancethe story too much more and get to the point but what love can beshown just from a great hobby!So the heads are off and we are in the middle of the run and the oldboy has his hand on the column every 20 to 30 sec. the still isrefluxing better than I could ever expect. I p ull my first 500 ml ofthe middle run. the old boy tasted it before I could put the alcoholmeter to it and said it was 92% he was close it was 90% we collectedslow and the old coon skinner was with in 2% every 500ml Icollected. I guess when its a way of life you never forget yourlivin!Lonnie is still feelin the column every 30 sec or so and now he islettin a drip fall on the back of his fingers and rubbing it on hisfinger nails. I am watching the temp at the same time (He done carefor No Temp Gauge) all of a sudden he says CUT IT OFF! and get a newJar. (Out of respect to him prior I when out and got 24 new 1qtMason jars). Lonnie says the dam thing is slippery, and smellinglike a hound dogs ass, well 20 sec later the temp started to riseand it was time for the tails. I am amassed how he could tell by feel when the run was over. Byfeel. I felt it almost as much as Lonnie did. I could not tell. Sothere is a real art to this! Men who know making spirits as well asthey do there own soles. BTW. we pulled almost 3gal of 93.5 from 15 gal wash at 19% and theold boy took almost all of it home with himHAHAHAHA. .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 , .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .postImageUrl , .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 , .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220:hover , .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220:visited , .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220:active { border:0!important; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220:active , .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220 .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uec077317e56a725ae321d9bed3522220:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Orlando/orange county EssaySo this is Love!